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January 2020 Summary – Eighth Driest and Ninth Warmest on Record

February 7, 2020

Blue Hill Observatory January 2020 Summary: January was generally very warm with much less precipitation and snowfall than average. The 24-hour adjusted…

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Blue Hill Observatory January 2020 Summary:

January was generally very warm with much less precipitation and snowfall than average. The 24-hour adjusted mean temperature for the month of 32.8 deg F was 7.1 degrees warmer than the 120-year average for January and 6.6 degrees warmer than the 1981-2010 30-year average. The month ranked as the ninth warmest January on record and the warmest since 2006.  The average maximum temperature of 40.6 deg F was 6.8 degrees warmer than the 30-year mean, and it was also the ninth warmest on record. The average minimum temperature of 25.9 deg F was 8.8 degrees warmer than the 30-year mean and also the ninth warmest. The highest temperature for the month reached 68F on the 12th, which tied the warmest temperature ever observed in January previously set on January 26th, 1950, and it surpassed the previous record for the date of 60F set in 2018. This very warm day followed a day with a record high maximum of 65F and a daily record high minimum of 46F on the 11th. The lowest temperature for the month was 8F on the 18th. Only seven days during the month were colder than average, while there were 14 days that were ten degrees or more warmer than average. Precipitation totaled 1.46 inches, which was nearly three inches less than the long-term 120-year average and the 30-year mean. This amount ranked as the eighth driest for any January on record. The greatest precipitation in 24 hours was 0.57 inches on the 25th. Snowfall totaled only 4.2 inches, which was about 13 inches less than the 30-year mean. The greatest snowfall in 24 hours was just 3.0 inches on the 18th-19th. The mean wind speed for January was 12.8 mph, which tied for the second lowest on record for January, and the prevailing wind direction for the month was from the west. The monthly peak gust was 60 mph from the south-southwest during the very warm weather on the 12th. January sunshine was slightly higher than average with 139.8 hours or 49 percent of possible, which was three percent more than the long-term mean.

BHO Warmest January 24-Hour Adjusted Mean Temperature, deg F (1886-2020):

1) 35.6 in 1913
2) 35.0 in 1932
3) 34.6 in 1937
4) 33.9 in 2006
5) 33.8 in 1933
   33.8 in 1950
   33.8 in 1990
8) 33.5 in 2002
9) 32.8 in 2020
10) 32.7 in 2017

BHO Warmest January Average Maximum Temperature, deg F (1886-2020):

1) 44.3 in 1913
2) 42.9 in 1937
3) 42.2 in 1932
   42.2 in 1950
5) 42.0 in 1933
6) 41.7 in 1990
7) 41.5 in 2006
8) 40.9 in 2002
9) 40.6 in 2020
10) 39.9 in 1890

BHO Warmest January Average Minimum Temperature, deg F (1886-2020):

1) 28.7 in 1932
2) 28.0 in 2002
3) 27.7 in 1913
4) 27.2 in 1937
5) 26.9 in 2006
6) 26.6 in 1990
7) 26.5 in 1933
8) 26.4 in 2017
9) 25.9 in 2020
10) 25.6 in 1995

BHO Lowest January Precipitation, inches (1886-2020):

1) 0.89 in 1955
2) 0.97 in 1980
3) 1.00 in 1989
4) 1.07 in 1970
5) 1.25 in 1981
6) 1.31 in 1985
7) 1.42 in 2013
8) 1.46 in 2020
9) 1.72 in 2004
10) 1.80 in 1922

BHO Lowest January Mean Wind Speed, mph (1886-2020):

1) 12.2 in 2001
2) 12.8 in 2011
   12.8 in 2020
4) 13.1 in 2009
5) 13.3 in 1984

Mike Iacono
Chief Scientist
Blue Hill Observatory

Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center · Legal

Data Use & Privacy Policy

Please read the full Policy before accessing Observatory data · Effective January 1, 2025

Notice: By accessing, downloading, or using any Blue Hill Observatory data or services, you unconditionally accept and agree to be bound by this Policy in its entirety. If you do not agree, you may not access or use Observatory data.
Effective January 1, 2025 · Milton, Massachusetts · bluehill.org
Part I — Data Use Policy
§ 01

Ownership and Proprietary Rights

All observational records, compiled datasets, metadata, database structures, and related materials provided by the Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center are the exclusive property of the Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center. The Observatory has maintained continuous weather observations at the summit of Great Blue Hill since 1885, and the entirety of that record — its compilation, structure, curation, and organization — constitutes a proprietary database protected under applicable United States law, including copyright law and common law database protections.

All rights not expressly granted in this Policy are reserved by the Observatory. No access to or use of Observatory data shall be construed as a waiver of any rights or as a license to use data beyond the scope expressly stated herein.

§ 02

Governing Law and Jurisdiction

This Policy shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, without regard to its conflict of law provisions. For interactions with international users, this Policy shall apply to the maximum extent permitted by applicable local law.

Any dispute arising from or related to this Policy shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in Norfolk County, Massachusetts. By accessing Observatory data, all users consent to personal jurisdiction in Massachusetts and waive any objection to the venue or inconvenience of such forum.

§ 03

Permitted Uses

Observatory data are made available for the following limited, non-commercial purposes only:

  • Personal study and analysis
  • Educational classroom use
  • Student projects
  • Non-commercial academic research
  • Publication of analyses, figures, models, or conclusions derived from the data, subject to the attribution requirements of Section 4

All other uses require prior written authorization from the Observatory.

§ 04

Attribution Requirement

Any use of Observatory data in any published, presented, or publicly distributed work must include the following verbatim acknowledgment:

“Data provided by the Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center, Milton, Massachusetts. Continuous weather observations since 1885.”

Failure to include proper attribution is a material violation of this Policy.

§ 05

Prohibited Uses

Unless explicitly authorized in writing, Users may not:

  • Resell, license, sublicense, or commercially exploit Observatory data in any form
  • Redistribute the dataset in whole or in part to any third party
  • Publish the dataset for download by third parties
  • Host, mirror, or archive the dataset on any external website, repository, or storage service
  • Upload the dataset to any public or institutional data repository
  • Provide the data through APIs, automated services, or subscription platforms
  • Incorporate the data into any commercial product, software, application, or service
  • Use the data for AI or machine learning systems intended for commercial use or external distribution
  • Use the data to create derivative datasets that enable reconstruction of the underlying observations
§ 06

Commercial Licensing

Organizations seeking to use Observatory data for commercial purposes must obtain a license prior to any such use. Licensing inquiries: data@bluehill.org.

§ 07

Automated Access

Automated scraping, bulk harvesting, or systematic downloading of Observatory data is strictly prohibited without prior written authorization.

§ 08

Enforcement and Remedies

Violation of this Policy may result in immediate revocation of data access, pursuit of legal remedies available under United States law, and referral to applicable authorities. The Observatory reserves all rights to seek injunctive relief, damages, and attorneys’ fees in connection with any unauthorized use of its data.

Part II — Privacy Policy
§ 09–10

Scope & Information Collected

This section governs the collection, use, storage, and disclosure of personal information from visitors to the Blue Hill Observatory website and users of its data services. The Observatory may collect contact information (name, email, organization) when voluntarily submitted, usage data including IP addresses and pages visited, and data download records.

§ 11–12

How We Use Information & Retention

Information is used solely for: responding to inquiries and licensing requests; monitoring and enforcing compliance with this Policy; improving website performance; and communicating Observatory news to opted-in users. The Observatory does not sell, rent, or share personal information with third parties for marketing purposes. Data access records may be retained indefinitely for compliance and enforcement purposes.

§ 13

International Users and Data Transfers

The Observatory is located in the United States. International users acknowledge their information will be processed in the United States under U.S. law. Users requiring specific data processing agreements under non-US law must contact data@bluehill.org before accessing data.

§ 14–16

Cookies, Security & Children’s Privacy

The Observatory website may use cookies for analytics and functionality. By continuing to use the site, users consent to cookie use. The Observatory implements reasonable measures to protect personal information but cannot guarantee absolute security. Observatory data services are not directed at children under 13.

Part III — General Provisions
§ 17–20

Modifications, Severability, Entire Agreement & Contact

The Observatory reserves the right to modify this Policy at any time. Updated versions will be posted at bluehill.org. Continued use of Observatory data following any modification constitutes acceptance of the revised Policy. This Policy constitutes the entire agreement between the User and the Observatory. Questions and licensing inquiries: Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center, Milton, Massachusetts — data@bluehill.org

By accessing, downloading, or using any Blue Hill Observatory data or services, you acknowledge that you have read, understood, and agree to be bound by this Policy.
Effective January 1, 2025 · Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center · Milton, Massachusetts