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May 2019 Summary – Cooler and Wetter Than Average

June 15, 2019

Blue Hill Observatory May 2019 Summary: May was generally cooler and cloudier than average, with slightly more rainfall than expected. The 24-hour…

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Blue Hill Observatory

May 2019 Summary:

May was generally cooler and cloudier than average, with slightly more rainfall than expected. The 24-hour adjusted mean temperature for the month of 54.4 deg F was 1.8 degrees cooler than the 120-year average for May and 0.9 degrees cooler than the 1981-2010 30-year average. The average maximum temperature of 63.5 deg F was nearly three  degrees below normal, and the average minimum temperature of 46.0 deg F was nearly two degrees below normal. The highest temperature for the month was 85F on the 26th (the only day warmer than 80F), and the lowest temperature was 36F on the 12th. Precipitation totaled 4.61 inches, which was nearly an inch more than the long-term 120-year average and about a half inch more than the 30-year mean. The greatest amount in 24 hours was 1.24 inches on the 13th-14th. Despite the modest total rainfall, there were 21 days with measurable precipitation, which tied for the most ever in May and tied for the second most in any month of the year. There was one thunderstorm day during the month on the 26th. A trace of sleet was observed on the 12th, which was among the latest occurrences of frozen precipitation on record. The mean wind speed was 11.1 mph, and the prevailing direction was from the south. A peak gust of 47 mph from the northwest occurred on the 24th. May was the eleventh cloudiest on record with only 172.7 hours of bright sunshine, or 40 percent of possible, which was 12 percent less than the long-term average.

BHO Greatest May Number of Days Measurable Precipitation (1886-2019):

1) 21 in 1888
   21 in 2019
3) 20 in 2005
4) 19 in 1943
5) 18 in 1924
   18 in 2003

BHO Greatest Monthly Number of Days Measurable Precipitation (1886-2019):

1) 22 in December 1972
2) 21 in May 1888
   21 in May 2019
3) 20 in July 1906
   20 in April 1912
   20 in October 1913
   20 in June 1916
   20 in April 1929
   20 in January 1950
   20 in May 2005
   20 in April 2019

Spring (Mar-May) 2019 Summary:

Despite some warm days in April, Spring 2019 was generally cooler, wetter and cloudier than average. The 24-hour adjusted mean temperature for the Spring season of 45.5 deg F was 0.7 degrees warmer than the 120-year average, but it was 0.6 degrees cooler than the 1981-2010 30-year average. Precipitation during Spring totaled 16.83 inches, with about half of this amount occurring in April, and this total was about four and a half inches more than the 120-year average and about two and a half inches more than the 30-year normal. There were 51 days with measurable precipitation during Spring, which tied for the second most on record and was the most since 1929. Spring snowfall of 23.1 inches, which was all recorded during March, was about eight inches more than average. This included the largest snowfall from a single storm for the entire 2018-2019 winter season, which was 15.8 inches on March 3rd-4th. That storm was also the 10th largest snowstorm ever recorded during March at the Observatory. Spring was generally cloudier than average, especially April and May, with only 44 percent of the possible bright sunshine, which was six percent less than the long-term Spring average of 50 percent.

BHO Greatest Spring (Mar-May) Number of Days Measurable Precipitation (1886-2019):

1) 52 in 1912
2) 51 in 1916
   51 in 1929
   51 in 2019
5) 50 in 1908
   50 in 1983

Mike Iacono
Chief Scientist
Blue Hill Observatory

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Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center · Legal

Data Use & Privacy Policy

Please read the full Policy before accessing Observatory data · Effective January 1, 2025

Notice: By accessing, downloading, or using any Blue Hill Observatory data or services, you unconditionally accept and agree to be bound by this Policy in its entirety. If you do not agree, you may not access or use Observatory data.
Effective January 1, 2025 · Milton, Massachusetts · bluehill.org
Part I — Data Use Policy
§ 01

Ownership and Proprietary Rights

All observational records, compiled datasets, metadata, database structures, and related materials provided by the Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center are the exclusive property of the Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center. The Observatory has maintained continuous weather observations at the summit of Great Blue Hill since 1885, and the entirety of that record — its compilation, structure, curation, and organization — constitutes a proprietary database protected under applicable United States law, including copyright law and common law database protections.

All rights not expressly granted in this Policy are reserved by the Observatory. No access to or use of Observatory data shall be construed as a waiver of any rights or as a license to use data beyond the scope expressly stated herein.

§ 02

Governing Law and Jurisdiction

This Policy shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, without regard to its conflict of law provisions. For interactions with international users, this Policy shall apply to the maximum extent permitted by applicable local law.

Any dispute arising from or related to this Policy shall be subject to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located in Norfolk County, Massachusetts. By accessing Observatory data, all users consent to personal jurisdiction in Massachusetts and waive any objection to the venue or inconvenience of such forum.

§ 03

Permitted Uses

Observatory data are made available for the following limited, non-commercial purposes only:

  • Personal study and analysis
  • Educational classroom use
  • Student projects
  • Non-commercial academic research
  • Publication of analyses, figures, models, or conclusions derived from the data, subject to the attribution requirements of Section 4

All other uses require prior written authorization from the Observatory.

§ 04

Attribution Requirement

Any use of Observatory data in any published, presented, or publicly distributed work must include the following verbatim acknowledgment:

“Data provided by the Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center, Milton, Massachusetts. Continuous weather observations since 1885.”

Failure to include proper attribution is a material violation of this Policy.

§ 05

Prohibited Uses

Unless explicitly authorized in writing, Users may not:

  • Resell, license, sublicense, or commercially exploit Observatory data in any form
  • Redistribute the dataset in whole or in part to any third party
  • Publish the dataset for download by third parties
  • Host, mirror, or archive the dataset on any external website, repository, or storage service
  • Upload the dataset to any public or institutional data repository
  • Provide the data through APIs, automated services, or subscription platforms
  • Incorporate the data into any commercial product, software, application, or service
  • Use the data for AI or machine learning systems intended for commercial use or external distribution
  • Use the data to create derivative datasets that enable reconstruction of the underlying observations
§ 06

Commercial Licensing

Organizations seeking to use Observatory data for commercial purposes must obtain a license prior to any such use. Licensing inquiries: data@bluehill.org.

§ 07

Automated Access

Automated scraping, bulk harvesting, or systematic downloading of Observatory data is strictly prohibited without prior written authorization.

§ 08

Enforcement and Remedies

Violation of this Policy may result in immediate revocation of data access, pursuit of legal remedies available under United States law, and referral to applicable authorities. The Observatory reserves all rights to seek injunctive relief, damages, and attorneys’ fees in connection with any unauthorized use of its data.

Part II — Privacy Policy
§ 09–10

Scope & Information Collected

This section governs the collection, use, storage, and disclosure of personal information from visitors to the Blue Hill Observatory website and users of its data services. The Observatory may collect contact information (name, email, organization) when voluntarily submitted, usage data including IP addresses and pages visited, and data download records.

§ 11–12

How We Use Information & Retention

Information is used solely for: responding to inquiries and licensing requests; monitoring and enforcing compliance with this Policy; improving website performance; and communicating Observatory news to opted-in users. The Observatory does not sell, rent, or share personal information with third parties for marketing purposes. Data access records may be retained indefinitely for compliance and enforcement purposes.

§ 13

International Users and Data Transfers

The Observatory is located in the United States. International users acknowledge their information will be processed in the United States under U.S. law. Users requiring specific data processing agreements under non-US law must contact data@bluehill.org before accessing data.

§ 14–16

Cookies, Security & Children’s Privacy

The Observatory website may use cookies for analytics and functionality. By continuing to use the site, users consent to cookie use. The Observatory implements reasonable measures to protect personal information but cannot guarantee absolute security. Observatory data services are not directed at children under 13.

Part III — General Provisions
§ 17–20

Modifications, Severability, Entire Agreement & Contact

The Observatory reserves the right to modify this Policy at any time. Updated versions will be posted at bluehill.org. Continued use of Observatory data following any modification constitutes acceptance of the revised Policy. This Policy constitutes the entire agreement between the User and the Observatory. Questions and licensing inquiries: Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center, Milton, Massachusetts — data@bluehill.org

By accessing, downloading, or using any Blue Hill Observatory data or services, you acknowledge that you have read, understood, and agree to be bound by this Policy.
Effective January 1, 2025 · Blue Hill Observatory & Science Center · Milton, Massachusetts