Observation Tables

This page lists and describes the various operational conversion and correction tables used at the Observatory.

Temperature Wind Precipitation Pressure Sunshine, etc.
Fahrenheit to Celsius
Knots to MPH Conversion
Pressure Tendency Solar Time Correction
Wind Chill Calculator Wind Speed Correction
Monthly Pressure Correction Monthly Sunshine Hours
Dew Point to Vapor Pressure Fastest Mile Correction

Monthly Sunshine Minutes














Fahrenheit to Celsius

This table provides the conversion of integer values of temperature in degrees Fahrenheit to degrees Celsius.
Download the PDF version.



Wind Chill Calculator

The National Weather Service maintains an interactive wind chill calculator at their web site. Click on the 'wind chill' link, enter the current temperature and 2-minute mean wind speed, and it will return the wind chill based on the latest formula.



Dew Point to Vapor Pressure Conversion

This table provides the conversion of dew point temperature in degrees Fahrenheit to vapor pressure in mb.
Download the PDF version.



Knots to MPH Conversion

This table provides the conversion for integer values of wind speed in knots to mph.
Download the PDF version.



Wind Speed Correction

This table provides corrections for the hourly wind speeds derived from the contacting wind recorder.
Download the PDF version.



Fastest Mile Correction

This table provides corrections for the fastest mile (average speed for the mile of wind that passes in the shortest time during the day) derived from the contacting wind recorder.
Download the PDF version.



Pressure Tendency

This table provides the numerical code to be reported for different characteristics of the three-hour barometric pressure tendency.
Download the PDF version.



Monthly Pressure Correction

This table provides the correction to be applied to the monthly mean station pressure (derived from the average of the 0700E and 1900E pressures) in mb.
Download the PDF version.



Solar Time Correction

This table provides the daily number of minutes to be added to Eastern Standard Time to convert to True Solar Time, which is used by the Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder.
Download the PDF version.



Monthly Sunshine Hours

This table provides the number of hours of possible bright sunshine (unadjusted for sunshine below the sun card burn threshold for the 15 minutes after sunrise and 15 minutes before sunset), which is used for the reduction of the sunshine measured by the Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder.
Download the PDF version.



Monthly Sunshine Minutes

This table provides the number of minutes of possible bright sunshine (unadjusted for sunshine below the sun card burn threshold for the 15 minutes after sunrise and 15 minutes before sunset), which is used for the reduction of the sunshine measured by the Campbell-Stokes sunshine recorder.
Download the PDF version.